Teletypewriter permutation code signal combination counter



F. H. HANLEY TELETYPEWRI'IER PERMUTATION CODE SIGNAL COMBINATION COUNTER Filed Sept. 15, 1946 lNVENTOR F H. HA/VLEV Y ATTORNEY Patented Sept. 6, 1949 TELEIYPEWRITER PERMUTATION GODE SIGNALGOIWBINATION COUN'EER Application september 13,. 1M6SeriaP-NOS6fl6fi93 541311311318. 51 .ilhis:intentien -relatcsmo aecumuiatieemuitiple counter in which themultiplermaycbeivariedgthat :iszto say:azdevicelwhiehinrovidesaanaindication of ithemnrnberof times;ameventhas-occurrerka; multtiple: number; of: times; andnwhichrismdj ustable: so eas tmvary the multiple numhennfieeuentssper indiceatiem fondifierentcuuntings. Thezdevice ishere- :incclescrihed HSL-ZIIPJDJliGdfitO-"bhG conntinglzgf'events which may be randomlylsnacedz in-atime, buteach mfvwhich; requiresaauniform interval for its occurrence but it. isrparticularly zpointe'drlout that-the rinterval required: for occurrence may be" variable for-different countingsasoi' hang eas -each :euent-rrequires an interval. greaterthamarminimmnwf: a few thousandths -of ;a second.

.Eh e invention.- providesxa cumulative-indication wvvhich increases or-decreases-inlunit stepstfcreach turhappeningam :beingvany integral:mtmleer, more :than one, such: asfive,"sevenor'tenion'more-orlless.

{The multiple which I is-countedumaybewariedzas nesired.

The present counterris: particmarly useful for "counting .the occurrence --of Tiarge mumbers .nof 'events, such-as in-= metering, wherein timer-charge maWbea fixed unittor the occurrencenfsa multi- =-ple numberoi events. '7 For instance intelegnaphy, r'particularly inxteletypewriter transmissiomserviee, rthevcharge in certain? instances: mayxbeibasedwn the number ofrteleeuaph ccde combinations:orron ethe nuinber .Of teletypewr-iter -:permutation r cdde :iGOIBbiIlfitiOIlS :=Whih are transmitted. QSinGec-a made-combination is transmittedrtc ide'flne each letter, in :certa-in:services,rv such i-aSi in5p1TBSSE SI- rvices; tens of thousands oficodeucombinatiensrare atransxritted. Theechanaezzmaylzbe-;basedftorain- :stance: on'itl' eJI'L WbBITDfi'WOIZQ JGI omtheemtmber :nfiincswhichare.transmitted. 'iIt isidesirablenmaeersuchcircnmstances to provide azmuntemwhich cmovides :a vsingle indication; for zaaeiven-rnumber wficombinaztionsr transmitted.

:In countin-gmany other xeventsziti'iszldesirable sat: times to provide:anirindicationaoi:themumber l-oflmmtiplehappenings rathenthamef-rsingle-hap- :penings. -.This is particularly true whemthemlmrioerwfshappeningsiin thettmultipleagmup mjaygbe required to be changed from time to timensuelnas when a unit charge is based zenriiheztransmission gQf udifferent zn-umber "combinatians -;at; different :times.

:Anobiectof this-inventicnis the improvement 1cf.;mult iple. counters.

.l Acm'ore :particul ar ebiectiof this 'irweriticn; is :the provision of an inexp nsive eiectmnicrmultispieicounterz which is readilyzadiustable torcmmt (CL-235E182 s referenae-tatnesingle figure git-he ,draWiIlgWhiCh QShQW a p eferred embodiment of ,the electnonic nter appl-iedto the:countingofflmultiples .of transmitted lperm-utation code a signal combinaations. inventionlisnnotlimiteato incorpora- ,.l0 tion inf. theispeeificz form illustrated and-described wherein 'nor 130 ,thecceuntingwf si nalcode combitgmayl bezincorporated:inamany forms ail-Hid in 1' its -present term 2, or with 511111101 :obvious I mad-ificatiens may: be sxeznployed :to :count multi- ;nles; eflmanyadifierenteevents.

.Ref-er nowliiuithe drawing-which *shows-theelec- \troniclmultiple counter.

- {Int/the ,duazwingethe plug it]: may helinsertedz in athezjaeknf any direct currentteletypewriter cir- ;\.cu-it larraneedssothat pulses of ..current ,and.:no

icurrentltor. marking andmspacing signals are imgpressedlhetween the two plug conductors and through the-tap windineof polar relay [2. The relay. 1.2z isfbiaseclbycurrent flowingw from ground- ,edbattery, throughresistance l6 andthe bottom ,windingvofl relay I Zitoground t8, the efiect .of which ,constantly. tends to ,urge the, armature JZUJOWflZdZLIihQlftjO en age with its. spacing. contact 22. When not current flows in the top windingi e armature'znsis actuatedto engage spacing contact'zz. When successive signal elements arezspacing signalelements the armature will-re- 'main in enga ement with its spacing contact .22. Whenever; current flows in the upper winding :of

v relay-i2 itseffecttten'dsto actuate-the armature -29;-tcrward' its'right hand*ormarkin contacts "24 and its -fiect-is-always-dominantoverthe counter efiect the law-er or biasing winding; so that the armature 26, if in engagement with its spac- --ing"eentactrwill always be actuated co-engage its -'marking-centact"24whenever current-*fiows in its upper --win'd-ing =0r, in *the event that *successive *s'ignal-elements' are-marking elements; the armature Zil-Will remain engagement with its mark-- [245 ingcontatt throughout-the interval "of the succeessive marking elements.

The circtrit' is arranged to count permutation cede:signaL-comlcinations -of the start stop' type whieh thefirst or start signal element of each -cornbination': is always a spacing signal element,

the intermediate signal :'elements are multielemnent currentno current:permutation -c0desigaaal eiementsnwhich define thecharacter or funcfitionzto be periormechby theteletynewriterreceiver lnanpenings efrdifierent clunatien andzefadifierent; a-nnttheiast or stopasignal element' ofseachzcombination is always a marking signal element. The armature of relay I2 is always in the marking condition that is engaged with its marking contact 24 for the stop interval which, during continuous transmission, is a slightly protracted interval at the end of transmission of each startstop signal combination defining each character. When in this condition a circuit may be traced from battery 25 through marking contact 24 and the winding of relay 28 to the electrode 30 of gas-filled tube 32. In order to operate relay 28 it is necessary that the control gap in tube 32 be first ionized which, in turn, depends upon the potential of condenser 34. It will be assumed that the tube 32 has been ionized on a previous cycle and that the main gap bridged to electrode 38 is closed and that relay 28 has been operated. When relay 28 was operated contact 36 was closed.

4 the potential of condenser 52 will be raised sufficiently to ionize the control gap of gas tube 54.

The relative capacities of condensers 44 and 52, the potential of battery 38 and the potential required to ionize the selected tube 54 may be controlled to vary the number of transfers required to ionize the control gap of tube 54.

Each time relay 28' is released, in response to each succeeding start signal of a complete combination, battery 56 will be connected through contact 58 and the winding of message register 68 to electrode 62 of tube 54. This will be inef- For this condition both terminals of condenser 34 are at ground potential. While relay 28 is operated a circuit may be traced from battery 38 through contact 48, resistance 42 and condenser 44 to ground, charging condenser 44, which is of small capacity. to the potential of battery 38.

The first or start signal element of every combination received by relay I2 is always a spacing signal element. In response to this the armature 28 of relay [2, as previously explained, is actuated to engage its spacing contact 22. As contact 24 is opened relay 28 is released and as potential is removed from electrode 38 the main gap of tube 32 is deenergized. The release of relay 28 opens contact 36, removing ground from the top plate of condenser 34 which starts to charge over a circuit from battery 45 through resistance 48 and condenser 34 to ground. The following signal elements of the permutation code combination are marking and spacing signal elements in any combination depending upon the character or function to be defined. Armature will follow these signal elements being actuated to contacts 24 and 22 in accordance with the received signal elements of the permutation code combination. However, this is ineffective as, during an interval equal to the time required to receive the complete permutation code combination, condenser 34 will be charging and will not reach the potential necessary to ionize the control gap of tube 32 until an interval has elapsed equal to the interval required to receive a complete permutation code signal combination. At the end of this interval the control gap of tube 32 will be ionized. When the stop signal element is received, after the reception of the permutation code signal elements,

the armature 24 will engage its marking contact 24 and at this time the engagement will be efiective to ionize the main gap of the tube and to operate relay 28.

During the first stop interval, while contact 40 was closed, prior to the release of relay 28, condenser 44, which is of small capacity, was charged. When relay 28 released, contact 50 was closed. During this interval the relatively small charge accumulated in condenser 44 was transferred to condenser 52 which is of relatively large capacity. Relay 23 is operated and released once for each complete start-stop permutation code signal combination. Condenser 44 will be first charged and thereafter discharged into condenser 52 once for each such complete combination. A single measured increment of electrical energy will be transferred from condenser 44 to condenser 52 once for each such combination. In response to the accumulation of a chosen number of such transfers fectual except on the operation after condenser 52 has attained the desired potential, at which time the control gap of tube 54 will be ionized and the main gap will therefore ionize operating message register 68. The operation of the message register, which is well known in the art, will control a train of gears and indices, not shown, to provide a cumulative indication of the operations of the register. The register may of course count forward or backward.

When message register operates it also closes contact 64 which discharges condenser 52 through resistance 66 to ground, preparatory to the start of another cycle. When contact 58 opens, following the operation of register 60, the register will release and the main gap of tube 54 will be deionized.

It should be apparent, therefore, that condenser 44 will be charged once for each complete start-stop permutation code signal combination. Condenser 52 will be charged to a particular potential once for each n combination, n being a chosen integral number, more than one. The register will provide a cumulative indication of the number of n combinations transmitted. In the arrangement, as described the electronic circuit counts multiple numbers of permutation code combinations. However, it should be apparent that the circuit may be employed to count the happenings of any events of uniform duration throughout a counting. All that is necessary is that the relay l2, or any other control, operate to one position, or assume a first condition, at the start of the event and to the opposite position, or assume a second condition, at the termination of the event, to control tne connection of battery M to electrode 30. The

capacity of condenser 44 and the potential of battery 38 may be varied as necessary to obtain the necessary increment of energy during the happening of an event of relatively long or short duration and to count successive occurrences of a duration.

What is claimed is:

1. A multiple counter for indicating a summation of a multiple number of happenings of 'an event, each of said happenings consisting of a plurality of discrete sub-events, said counter comprising an electronic device, a time control for said device, means for inaugurating the functioning of said time control in response to the occurrence of the first of said sub-events of an individual happening of said event, means for terminating the functioning of said control after the elapse of a measured interval and in response to the occurrence of the last of said sub-events of said individual happening, means for ionizing said electronic device in response to said terminating of said functioning, means for accumulating an increment of electrical energy during said happening, means for transferring said increment once for each of said happenings, and means for operating an indicator in response to an integral number, more than one, of said transfers.

2. A multiple counter for counting the transmission of a multiple number of multielement start-stop permutation code telegraph signal combinations, said counter comprising a first electronic device, a time control for said device, a relay controlled by said device, a second electronic device, an electrical energy storage means for said second device, a register connected to said second device, means responsive to the reception of the start impulse of each of said combinations for starting said time control, means responsive to the reception of the stop impulse of each of said combinations for terminating said time control, ionizing said first electronic device, and operating said relay, means responsive to operation of said relay for measuring a definite increment of electrical energy, means for transferring said increment to said storage means and means, including said storage means, responsive to a plurality of said transfers for ionizing said second electronic device and operating said register.

3. An electronic counting circuit for counting the occurrence of individual events in multiple steps, said events each consisting in a plurality of discrete sub-events, said circuit comprising an electronic timing circuit responsive to controls operative at the beginning and end of each of said individual events, said circuit including means for preventing response to certain of said stop multielement permutation code signal combinations, comprising a receiving device respon- "sive to each of said combinations, an electronic d'evice connected to said receiving device, a conjdenser timing circuit connected to said electronic device, means for starting the charging of said condenser timing circuit in response to the recepti'on of the first signal element of each of said combinations by said receiving device, means connected to said timing circuit for measuring -'-;'an interval corresponding to the duration of each of said combinations, means for ionizing said electronic device at the termination of each of said intervals, and an electrical energy transfer and accumulator circuit, including a second electronic device controlled by said first electronic device, responsive to the transfer and accumulation of a definite multiple number of increments oL-electrical energy, one for each of said combinations, for operating a register connected to said second electronic device.

FRANK HAROLD HANLEY.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,995,890 Lord Mar. 26, 1935 2,078,792 Fitzgerald Apr. 27, 1937 2,113,011 White Apr. 5, 1938 2,114,016 Dimond Apr. 12, 1938 2,122,464 Golay July 5, 1938 

